IOT BASE THREE-PHASE TRANSFORMER TEMPERATURE & OVERLOAD PROTECTION SYSTEM

Introduction

Safeguarding three-phase transformers against various electrical faults is crucial for ensuring uninterrupted power supply and preventing damage. In this blog post, we’ll delve into the development of a smart protection system for three-phase transformers using Arduino Nano, ESP8266 for IoT connectivity, and an array of sensors and relays.

Components Used

Arduino Nano: Serves as the brain of the protection system, managing sensor data and relay control.

ESP8266 (IoT Module (NodeMCU): Enables wireless internet connectivity, allowing remote monitoring and control of the protection system.

Double Channel Relay: Controls the power supply to the transformer, offering overload protection.

Single Channel Relay: Activates cooling mechanisms or triggers alarms in response to overheating.

Current Sensor: Measures the current flowing through each phase of the transformer for overload detection.

Voltage Sensor: Monitors the voltage across each phase, detecting abnormalities or imbalances.

Buck Converter: Regulates voltage levels to power the Arduino Nano and other components.

DS18B20 Temperature Sensor: Measures the temperature of the transformer windings for thermal protection.

LCD Display: Provides real-time visualization of sensor data and system status.

System Operation

Sensor Data Acquisition: Sensors gather current, voltage, and temperature readings from the transformer.

Data Processing: Arduino Nano analyzes sensor data and implements protection algorithms to detect faults.

Protection Mechanisms: Upon detecting abnormal conditions, the system triggers appropriate actions, such as disconnecting power supply or activating cooling mechanisms.

Remote Monitoring and Control: ESP8266 enables remote monitoring of sensor data and allows users to control the system via a web interface or mobile app.

Key Features

Real-Time Monitoring: Continuously monitors transformer parameters, providing real-time updates on system health.

Overload Protection: Automatically shuts down power supply upon detecting excessive current flow, preventing transformer damage.

Temperature Protection: Early detection of overheating triggers cooling mechanisms or alarms to prevent catastrophic failure.

Remote Accessibility: Allows users to monitor and control the system remotely, facilitating quick response to emergencies.

Benefits

Enhanced Safety: Ensures the safe operation of three-phase transformers, minimizing the risk of damage and accidents.

Efficient Maintenance: Early fault detection enables timely maintenance, reducing downtime and repair costs.

Remote Management: Remote monitoring and control capabilities enhance convenience and accessibility for users.

Data Analysis: Historical sensor data analysis identifies trends and optimizes transformer performance.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the smart three-phase transformer protection system using Arduino Nano and ESP8266 offers advanced protection and monitoring features for electrical systems. By integrating sensors, relays, and IoT connectivity, users can ensure the safety, efficiency, and reliability of their transformer infrastructure.

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